Hominins bio

Source reference

source_reference

Legacy names

individual reference

Source reference is a unique identifier assigned first by the compiler and then by the IsoArcH database to each collected source. In each dataset, these numbers will span from 1 to n, with n representing the maximum number of sources compiled. Once in the IsoArcH database, this identifier will include the dataset number as a prefix. GRIST may automatically populate this field. Example: 1

Type	Sections	Required
identifier	hominins bio, sources, samples	Yes

Sample reference

sample_reference

Sample reference is a unique identifier assigned first by the compiler and then by the IsoArcH database to each collected sample. In each dataset, these numbers will span from 1 to n, with n representing the maximum number of samples compiled. Once in the IsoArcH database, this identifier will include the dataset number as a prefix. GRIST may automatically populate this field. Example: 1

Type	Sections	Required
identifier	hominins bio, samples, mineral measures, organic measures, radiocarbon measures	Yes

Age category

age_category

Legacy names

age class

Age category denotes the estimated age of a human individual based on osteological features. The IsoArcH database uses a binary division into non-adult and adult, with an arbitrary cut-off value of 18 years old. Individuals overlapping the two age categories remain unclassified.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Allowed Values:

• adult
  
• non-adult
  

Biological age - minimum

biological_age_minimum

Legacy names

age estimation min, min age estimation

Minimum biological age estimate of an individual determined using osteological features. If a precise age is attributed instead of a range, enter the same value in both fields for 'biological age (minimum)' and 'biological age (maximum)'. If no further information is available for an individual reported only as an "adult" in the original paper, the field "biological age (minimum)" will be filled with the value 18.

Type	Sections	Validations	Unit / Norm	Required
integer	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	year old (y.o.)	No

Biological age - maximum

biological_age_maximum

Legacy names

max age estimation, age estimation max

Maximum biological age estimate of an individual determined using osteological features. If a precise age is attributed instead of a range, enter the same value in both fields for 'biological age (minimum)' and 'biological age (maximum)'. By convention, the maximum accepted value is 99. If no further information is available for an individual reported only as an "adult" in the original paper, or if a precise age is associated with a plus symbol as a suffix, the 'biological age (maximum)' field will be filled with the value 99.

Type	Sections	Unit / Norm	Required
integer	hominins bio	year old (y.o.)	No

Reported age group

reported_age_group

Legacy names

age class name in paper

Reported age group refers to the ordinal age group to which an individual belongs as presented in the original paper. Example: Infans I.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Biological sex

biological_sex

Legacy names

sex

Biological sex indicates the sex of an individual estimed through bioanthropological methods (osteology, proteomics, DNA, etc.) as reported in the original paper.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Allowed Values:

• M
  
• F
  
• F?
  
• M?
  
• I
  
• NA
  

Stature

stature

Stature refers to the estimated height of an individual based on osteological features. Value is rounded to one decimal point.

Type	Sections	Unit / Norm	Required
integer	hominins bio	centimeter (cm)	No

Stature result type

stature_result_type

This field indicates the type of estimation used to determine an individual's height from osteological features. It reflects whether the stature is reported as a minimum, maximum, mean, or exact value, providing insight into the methodological approach and precision of the height estimation.

Type	Sections	Required
string	hominins bio	No

Allowed Values:

• min
  
• max
  
• mean
  
• exact
  

Stature sd

stature_sd

This field records the standard deviation of the stature estimate, expressed to one decimal point. It indicates the variability or uncertainty around the estimated height, helping assess the precision of the osteological analysis used to determine stature.

Type	Sections	Required
decimal	hominins bio	No

Bone preservation

bone_preservation

Legacy names

bone preservation level

Bone preservation describes the overall macroscopic state of preservation of the bones of a human individual.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Allowed Values:

• well
  
• medium
  
• poor
  

Skeletal representation

skeletal_representation

Legacy names

skeletal representation level

Skeletal representation refers to the degree of completeness of the preserved skeleton of a human individual.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Allowed Values:

• good
  
• medium
  
• bad
  

Pathological observations

pathological_observations

Brief description of any pathological observations at the individual level, if present. This is a free-text field that should remain concise, with a brief and clear description.

Type	Sections	Validations	Required
string	hominins bio	Lowercase: yes	No

Burial?

burial

Legacy names

is a burial, is it a burial?

Burial refers to the identification of a burial feature in which a human body or its remains had been intentionally deposited.

Type	Sections	Required
boolean	hominins bio	No